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Precolonial urbanisms
| Citace: |
BAUMANOVÁ, M.. Precolonial urbanisms. In Oxford Bibliographies in Urban Studies. New York, USA : Oxford University Press, 2020, s. nestránkováno. ISBN: 978-0-19-092248-1
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| Druh: | KAPITOLA V KNIZE |
| Jazyk publikace: | eng |
| Anglický název: | Precolonial urbanisms |
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Místo konání: | New York, USA |
| Název zdroje: | Oxford University Press |
| Autoři: | Monika Baumanová M.A., Ph.D. |
| Abstrakt EN: | Urbanism as a phenomenon of human culture has been a popular theme for research in many academic disciplines, including architecture, anthropology, archaeology, sociology, and geography. Near Eastern and European case studies served as the ultimate definition of urbanism well into the 1980s and inspired the compilation of several ?trait lists?, which were used to classify precolonial settlements around the world known mostly on the basis of archaeological evidence. However, as a consequence of this tendency which dominated academic research, much cultural traditions recognized as urban today and enriching our experience with the many forms urban built environment can take, were for a long time denied their urban status. This is especially the case of precolonial towns and cities of the Global South, which importance was downplayed and misinterpreted, also for political reasons, in the colonial and early post-colonial era. Precolonial urban traditions may be found in the Americas, Africa and South and East Asia, and they are most intensively studied by archaeologist who collect and analyze the material evidence with the ever-increasing use of interdisciplinary approaches. Today, research recognizes the global variety of cultural heritage, human experience as well as the multitude of unique forms and structures of precolonial cities. A range of theoretical stances and methodological approaches have been developed that strive to uncover aspects of past realities such as social organization, economics, architectural styles, cultural traditions or sensory perception. Apart from studies that deal with the urban pasts of individual regions, there has been developments in the field of comparative approaches. They highlight and reflect on the underlying aspects that are shared throughout history across urban settlements, and on the basis of which we could arrive at understanding the built environment as representation of social configurations and traditions. |
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